The boring but necessary part

Terms

The short version

Read it, learn from it, link to it, quote it with credit. Do not sell it or pass it off as your own. It is an explanation, not professional advice.

Using this site

You are welcome to read, link to, and share these pages, and to quote from them with a link back. Everything is free to use for teaching, study and personal interest.

Our words and figures

The explanations and the figures, animations and films are ours. Republishing them wholesale, selling them, or presenting them as your own work is not permitted. For anything beyond ordinary quoting and linking, ask first — the answer is usually yes.

The papers we link to

Every piece cites the paper it came from, and we link to it rather than reproduce it. Copyright in those papers belongs to their authors and publishers, and our citation of them is exactly that: a citation. Where we quote, the licence permitting it is stated.

No professional advice

These are explanations written to be understood, not advice. They are not a substitute for a qualified professional in any field, and they should not be relied on for medical, legal, financial, engineering or safety decisions.

Accuracy

We check every piece against its source before publishing, and we correct mistakes when they are found — that is what the contact page is for. Even so, the site is provided as it is, with no warranty of any kind, and we are not liable for any loss arising from reliance on it.

Third-party links

Links out of this site go to papers and sources we do not control and are not responsible for.

Governing law

This is a personal, non-commercial project operated from Ontario, Canada. These terms are governed by the laws of the Province of Ontario and the federal laws of Canada that apply there, and any dispute about this site is subject to the courts of Ontario.

Changes

These terms may change; the date below will change with them. Questions go to ivale@onyxailabs.com.

Last updated: 28 September 2026.